Luis Buñuel Portolés (22 February 1900 – 29 July 1983) was a Spanish filmmaker who also acquired Mexican citizenship and worked in Spain, Mexico, France and the US. He is considered one of the most influential directors in the history of cinema. Many of his films were openly critical of middle class morals and organized religion, mocking the Roman Catholic Church in particular but religion in general, for hypocrisy. Many of his most famous films demonstrate this: Nazarin (1959), La Voie Lactée (1969), El Gran Calavera (1949), Viridiana (1961), etc. Luis Buñuel received the Career Golden Lion in 1982 by the Venice Film Festival and the FIPRESCI Prize – Honorable Mention in 1969 by the Berlin Film Festival. In 1977, he received the National Prize for Arts and Sciences for Fine Arts.